科學家合作繪制人腦小膠質細胞狀態
德國弗萊堡大學Marco Prinz、馬普學會免疫學和表觀遺傳學研究所Dominic Grün，以及柏林醫科大學Josef Priller研究組合作，通過整合高維技術繪制人腦小膠質細胞狀態圖譜。該成果2019年11月18日在線發表在《自然—神經科學》上。
研究人員結合了兩種高維技術，即單細胞RNA測序和飛行時間質譜分析技術，以鑒定穩態和疾病期間人腦中的小膠質細胞狀態。這種方法使他們能夠識別和表征人類小膠質細胞中轉錄狀態的未曾了解的圖譜。這些轉錄狀態由它們的空間分布決定，并且它們隨著衰老和腦腫瘤病理而進一步改變。人類中樞神經系統中多種小膠質細胞表型的描述，可能為子集特異性治療干預開辟有希望的新途徑。
研究人員表示，小膠質細胞是中樞神經系統的組織常駐巨噬細胞，可協調局部免疫反應并導致多種神經系統疾病和精神疾病。關于人類小膠質細胞及其在病理過程中如何協調其高度可塑性以及針對特定環境的適應性反應知之甚少。
附：英文原文
Title: Mapping microglia states in the human brain through the integration of high-dimensional techniques
Author: Roman Sankowski, Chotima Bttcher, Takahiro Masuda, Laufey Geirsdottir, Sagar, Elena Sindram, Tamara Seredenina, Andreas Muhs, Christian Scheiwe, Mukesch Johannes Shah, Dieter Henrik Heiland, Oliver Schnell, Dominic Grn, Josef Priller, Marco Prinz
Issue&Volume: 2019-11-18
Abstract: Microglia are tissue-resident macrophages of the CNS that orchestrate local immune responses and contribute to several neurological and psychiatric diseases. Little is known about human microglia and how they orchestrate their highly plastic, context-specific adaptive responses during pathology. Here we combined two high-dimensional technologies, single-cell RNA-sequencing and time-of-flight mass cytometry, to identify microglia states in the human brain during homeostasis and disease. This approach enabled us to identify and characterize a previously unappreciated spectrum of transcriptional states in human microglia. These transcriptional states are determined by their spatial distribution, and they further change with aging and brain tumor pathology. This description of multiple microglia phenotypes in the human CNS may open promising new avenues for subset-specific therapeutic interventions.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0532-y
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-019-0532-y
