2025年47（11）中英文摘要
特約專題
納米乳液制備、表征及多領域應用的研究進展
趙婧宇a，王星滟2，劉雪怡1a，王悅1b，郝旖1b，高瑞霞*1a
(1.西安交通大學 a.化學學院，b.藥學院，陜西 西安 710049；2. 浙江方圓檢測集團股份有限公司，浙江 杭州 310018)
摘要：納米乳液作為一種較為穩定的多相分散系統，粒徑范圍在1~500 nm之間，由極性相（通常為水）、非極性相（通常為油）、表面活性劑及助表面活性劑構成。憑借其獨特的納米級粒徑、透明/半透明的外觀、高比表面積等物理性能優勢，使其在藥物遞送、食品保鮮和開發及能源高效利用等先進工業領域展現出不可替代的應用潛力，成為當前材料科學與應用技術交叉研究的前沿方向。結合近5年Web of Science、CNKI等權威數據庫的國內外相關文獻，從原理到優、缺點及應用場景，詳細歸納總結了納米乳液的多種低能乳化、高能乳化制備方法。同時，從物理性質、化學結構、載藥量與包封率、穩定性等方面全方位介紹了目前常見的關于納米乳液表征分析手段，構建了納米乳液多尺度表征技術框架，進一步完善了納米乳液多尺度表征技術體系，為性能優化提供理論支撐。最后,在應用層面，納米乳液的跨領域潛力已得到初步驗證，展現出可觀的經濟價值，就醫藥、食品、能源領域的應用進行了深度分析與展望。旨在為納米乳液的進一步發展和最終工業化應用提供參考。
關鍵詞：納米乳液；高能乳化法；低能乳化法；藥物遞送；食品保鮮；油田采收
中圖分類號：O69 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0159
Research Advances in Preparation, Characterization and Multi-disciplinary Applications of Nanoemulsions ZHAO Jing-yu1a,WANG Xing-yan2, LIU Xue-yi1a, WANG Yue1b, HAO Yi1b, GAO Rui-xia*1a(1a.School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 1b. School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; 2. Zhejiang Fangyuan Testing Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China)
Abstract：Nanoemulsions, as a relatively stable multiphase dispersion system with particle sizes ranging from 1 to 500 nm, are composed of a polar phase (usually water), a non-polar phase (usually oil), surfactants, and co-surfactants. With their unique nanoscale particle sizes, transparent or semitransparent appearance, high specific surface area, and other advantageous physical properties, they show irreplaceable application potentials in advanced industrial fields such as drug delivery, functional food development, and efficient energy utilization, and have become a frontier of the current research at the intersection of materials science and applied technology. Based on domestic and international literature from authoritative databases such as Web of Science and CNKI over the past five years, this study summarized in detail a variety of low-energy and high-energy emulsification methods for nanoemulsions, covering their principles, advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios. In addition, we introduced the common characterization methods of nanoemulsions in terms of physical properties, chemical structure, drug loading and encapsulation rate, stability, and more., and propose a technical framework for multi-scale characterization to further improve the characterization system and provide theoretical support for the performance optimization. Finally, at the application level, the cross-field potential of nanoemulsions has been preliminarily verified, showing considerable economic value. In-depth analyses and outlooks for applications in medicine, food, and energy are also presented. The work aimed to provide a reference for the further development and enventual industrialization of nanoemulsions.
Key words：nanoemulsions; high-energy emulsification; low-energy emulsification; drug delivery; food preservation; oilfield recovery
(1. 中國科學院蘭州化學物理研究所，甘肅蘭州 730000；2. 中核戰略規劃研究總院，北京 100048；3. 新疆工程學院，新疆烏魯木齊 830000)
摘要：環丙沙星（Ciprofloxacin, CIP）是在水環境中經常檢測到的一種廣泛使用的氟喹諾酮類抗生素，代表了一組新興的污染物，未經節制的使用和未加規范的排放，使得相關物質在食物鏈中形成循環，并推動了耐藥性的廣泛傳播，這不僅危害社會環境，還嚴重威脅人類健康，這使得研究者們不斷探索有效的去除技術。多孔石墨烯（Porous graphene, PG）在吸附分離等應用中展現出良好的性能，如高比表面積和可調孔徑，但其反應位點單一、產率偏低和疏水性過強等不足影響了其實際應用潛力。基于簡便的局部燃燒策略，開發了一種具有磁性的雙金屬氮硫共摻雜多孔石墨烯（Fe/Ni-N/S-PG）材料，用于環境水樣中CIP的去除。由于硫酸銨引入氮硫元素改善了材料的分散性和孔隙結構。與未摻雜材料Fe/Ni-PG相比，Fe/Ni-N/S-PG對CIP的吸附量提升至（qe=94.83 mg/g）。吸附機理研究表明，靜電相互作用、孔隙填充效應和π-π電子供體-受體相互作用是主要驅動力。熱力學分析表明該吸附過程為自發放熱的可逆過程，符合Freundlich等溫模型和準二級動力學模型。該材料展現出良好的循環穩定性，5次循環后仍保持83.94%的初始吸附量，在實際水樣處理中實現了84.99%~95.15%的去除率。
關鍵詞：雙金屬多孔石墨烯；復合材料；環丙沙星；吸附；機理
中圖分類號：O647.3 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0134
Bimetallic Porous Graphene Composite Material for Adsorption of Ciprofloxacin WANG Yu1, ZHANG Ning1,2, QIU Hong-deng1, WANG Chao3, CHEN Jia*1 (1. Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. China Institute of Nuclear Industry Strategy, Beijing 100048, China; 3. Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Urumqi 830000, China)
Abstract：Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic frequently detected in aquatic environments, represents a class of emerging contaminants. Its unregulated use and improper disposal have led to its circulation within the food chain and have significantly contributed to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance. This not only poses a threat to the ecosystems but also presents serious risks to human health, prompting increasing research into effective removal strategies. Porous graphene (PG) has demonstrated good performance in applications such as adsorption and separation, such as high specific surface area and tuable pore structure. However, limitations including single reaction site, low yield and excessive hydrophobicity restict its practical application potential.In this study, a magnetic bimetallic nitrogen-sulfur co-doped porous graphene (Fe/Ni-N/S-PG) material was developed via on a simple localized combustion strategy for the removal of CIP from environmental water samples. The introduction of nitrogen and sulfur elements via ammonium sulfate significantly improved the material's dispersion and pore structure. Compared with the undoped material Fe/Ni-PG, the adsorption capacity of Fe/Ni-N/S-PG for CIP was increased to 94.83 mg/g. Mechanistic studies have revealed that electrostatic attraction, pore-filling mechanism, and π-π electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions were the primary driving forces behind the adsorption. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneously, exothermic, and reversible, in accordance and it followd the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The material showed good cyclic stability, maintaining 83.94%of its initial adsorption capacity after 5 cycles, and achieved a removal rate of 84.99-95.15% in the actual water sample samples.
Key words：bimetal porous graphene; composite material; ciprofloxacin; adsorption; mechanism
(1. 中國計量科學研究院化學計量與分析科學研究所，北京 100029；2. 北京化工大學 化學學院，北京 100029)
摘要：定性化學分析在環境監測、食品安全、臨床診斷等領域發揮著關鍵作用。根據定性判別方式不同，定性化學分析可分為基于定性標準的定性分析和基于定量標準的定性分析。根據研究體系不同，定性化學分析又可分為傳統靶向定性分析和非靶向定性分析。隨著分析技術的發展，對分析性能和不確定度的評估變得越來越重要。全面綜述了定性化學分析方法驗證與不確定度評估的量化參數，詳細介紹了貝葉斯定理、似然率、置信區間等統計模型及其在定性分析性能評估中的應用實例，并探討了通過方法驗證和質量控制降低不確定度的有效途徑。此外，重點關注了非靶向定性分析領域，分析了非靶向定性分析中常用的高維數據降維、層次聚類分析等機器學習算法的適用性，探討了這些算法可能引入的不確定度來源，并總結了機器學習模型的評估指標，以及非靶向定性分析結果可靠性的評估方法，如交叉驗證、混淆矩陣等。通過對傳統模型和非靶向分析方法的系統梳理，揭示定性化學分析性能評估的關鍵要素以及在實際應用中綜合考慮多種評估指標的重要性，從而為定性化學分析性能評估在非靶向分析等新興領域的拓展應用及定性標準物質的研制提供支持。
關鍵詞：定性化學分析；方法驗證；不確定度評估；非靶向分析；機器學習
中圖分類號：O65 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0090
Performance Evaluation of Qualitative Analysis: From Traditional Models to Non-targeted Analysis YAO Huan1, ZHANG Wei1, HUANG Ting*1, RAN Zhao-ming1, WU Hua-xin2 (1. Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; 2. College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)
Abstract：Qualitative chemical analysis plays a critical role in fields such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnosis. Depending on the identification methods, qualitative analysis can be classified into standard-based qualitative analysis and quantitative standard-based qualitative analysis. Moreover, based on the research context, it can also be categorized into traditional targeted qualitative analysis and non-targeted qualitative analysis. With the advances in analytical technologies, evaluating analytical performance and uncertainty has become increasingly important. This paper reviews quantitative parameters used in method validation and uncertainty assessment for qualitative chemical analysis. It details statistical models such as Bayes' theorem, likelihood ratios, and confidence intervals, highlighting their application in evaluating qualitative analysis performance. Furthermore, effective strategies to reduce uncertainty through method validation and quality control are discussed. Special attention is given to non-targeted qualitative analysis, where the applicability of machine learning algorithms such as high-dimensional data reduction and hierarchical cluster is examined. Potential sources of uncertainty introduced by these algorithms are analyzed, alongside a summary of evaluation metrics for machine learning models and the reliability assessment methods of non-targeted qualitative analysis results, such as cross-validation and confusion matrices. By systematically reviewing both traditional models and non-targeted analysis methods, this study identifies key factors in performance evaluation and underscores the importance of integrating multiple evaluation metrics in practical applications. The insights provided support for expanding the application of qualitative chemical analysis performance evaluation into emerging fields like non-targeted analysis.
Key words：qualitative chemical analysis；method validation；uncertainty assessment；non-targeted analysis；machine learning
綜述與專論
近五年分子印跡膜的制備及其藥學領域的應用
張海文，崔婷婷，周煥煥，韓曉燕*，張毅*
（天津中醫藥大學 中藥學院，天津 300193）
摘要：由生物學中的“抗原-抗體”特異性識別機制啟發，分子印跡技術（Molecular Imprinting Technology, MIT）的概念應運而生。該技術通過構建類“鑰匙-鎖”識別位點的聚合物網絡，使材料具備媲美生物抗體的高親和性、耐酸堿、耐高溫的優異穩定性，以及可通過模板分子設計調控的選擇性識別功能，這些特性使其迅速成為功能材料領域的研究前沿，在分離科學、分析檢測、生物醫學等領域展現出獨特優勢。近年來，隨著MIT的逐步成熟，研究者通過納米結構工程、多重模板策略等創新方法，進一步突破了傳統材料的性能瓶頸，顯著提升了識別效率與響應靈敏度。其中，將膜分離技術(Membrane Separation Technology)與MIT深度融合形成的分子印跡膜（Molecularly Imprinted Membranes, MIMs），因兼具分子印跡材料的精準識別能力與膜分離技術的高通量傳質特性，成為當前研究熱點。這種新型功能材料在保持高選擇性的同時，通過膜孔道結構優化實現了目標分子的高效分離與富集，為復雜體系的精準分析提供了全新解決方案。圍繞MIMs展開系統闡述，從概念溯源、發展歷程中的關鍵技術突破，到結構組成與制備方法的創新演進，再到識別作用機理的理論解析，最終聚焦其在藥學領域（如中藥活性成分分離、藥物殘留檢測）的應用探索，為該技術的進一步發展與實際轉化提供參考。
關鍵詞：分子印跡；膜分離技術；分子印跡膜；藥物傳輸；納米結構
中圖分類號：O631.2 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0147
Preparation and Pharmaceutical Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Membranes in the Past Five Years ZHANG Hai-wen, CUI Ting-ting, ZHOU Huan-huan, HAN Xiao-yan*, ZHANG-Yi* (College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193,China)
Abstract：Inspired by the "antigen-antibody" specific recognition mechanism in biology, the concept of Molecular Imprinting Technology (MIT) has emerged. This technology constructs polymer networks with "key-lock"-like recognition sites, endowing the resulting materials with excellent properties such as high affinity comparable to that of biological antibodies, resistance to acids and alkalis, and high-temperature stability. Furthermore, the selective recognition capabilities can be finely regulated by designing appropriate template molecules. Owing to these advantages, MIT has become research forefront in the field of functional materials, showcasing distinct advantages in separation science, analytical detection, biomedicine, and other related areas. In recent years, with the progressive maturation of MIT, researchers have adopted innovative strategies such as nanostructure engineering and multi-template approaches to further overcome the performance limitations of traditional materials, thereby significantly enhancing recognition efficiency and response sensitivity. Among these advancements, molecularly imprinted membranes (Molecularly Imprinted Membranes, MIMs), a synergistic integration of MIT with Membrane Separation Technology, have become a focal point of current research. MIMs combine the molecular recognition precision of MIT with the high mass-transfer efficiency of membrane processes. This novel functional material not only maintains high selectivity but also enables the efficient separation and enrichment of target molecules via the optimization of the membrane pore structure. Consequently, it provided a new approach for the precise analysis of complex systems. This review comprehensively discussed the development of MIMs over the fast five years, from their conceptual origin and key technological breakthroughs o recent innovations in structural design and fabrication techniques. The theoretical mechanisms of molecular recognition were also analyzed, with a particular focus on pharmaceutical applications such as the separation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine and the detection of drug residues. The aim is to offer valuable references for the further development and practical translation of this technology.
Key words: molecular imprinting; membrane separation technology; molecularly imprinted membrane; drug delivery; nanostructure
鋯基金屬有機框架的合成與應用研究進展
蔡放1，蘇曉昀2，黃偉平2，袁博2，劉金長2，賴娟2，江仁望*2
（1. 國家知識產權局專利局專利審查協作廣東中心，廣東 廣州 510700；2. 暨南大學藥學院，廣東廣州 511436）
摘要：系統梳理了鋯基金屬有機框架(MOF)的最新研究進展，闡明其合成-結構-應用的構效關系，總結功能化設計策略，并評估其在多領域應用中的潛力與挑戰。系統查閱了國內外文獻，并進行歸納總結。在合成方面，詳細分析了有機配體的幾何構型、調制酸種類及溶劑性質等關鍵因素對MOF結構的影響；介紹了溶劑熱法、微波輔助法、機械化學法等不同合成方法的優劣。在功能化方面，深入討論了合成后修飾、溶劑輔助配體摻入等策略在引入特定功能基團方面的應用。在應用方面，討論了鋯基MOF在固定化酶、晶體海綿、藥物輸送、分子檢測以及催化方面的應用。MOF材料在近年迅速發展，鋯基MOF作為其中的重要一類，具有高穩定性、結構可調性、豐富的功能性等優勢，已成為材料科學領域的研究熱點。鋯基MOF憑借其可調結構、高穩定性和多功能性，在催化、生物醫藥及環境修復領域展現出巨大潛力。未來研究需聚焦于綠色合成工藝、智能響應材料（如光/pH觸發釋放）及工業級應用驗證，以推動其應用于實際場景。
關鍵詞：金屬有機框架；鋯；結構；合成；應用；研究進展
中圖分類號：O641.4 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（202*）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0163
Syntheses and Applications of Zr-based Metal Organic Framework CAI Fang1, SU Xiao-yun2, HUANG Wei-ping2, YUAN Bo2, LIU Jing-chang2, LAI Juan2, JIANG Ren-wang*2 (1. Examination cooperation Guangdong center of the state patent office, Guangzhou, 510700; 2. The College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436)
Abstract: This article systematically reviews the latest research progress of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (MOF), clarifies the structure-function relationships among synthesis, structure, and application, summarizes functional design strategies, and evaluates their potential and challenges in multi-field applications. A systematic review of domestic and international literature was conducted. In terms of synthesis, the influence of key factors such as the geometric configuration of organic ligands, the type of modulating acids, and solvent properties on MOF structure is analyzed in detail; the advantages and disadvantages of different synthesis methods, such as solvothermal, microwave-assisted, and mechanochemical are introduced. In terms of functionalization, the use of post-synthesis modification and solvent-assisted ligand incorporation strategies to introduce specific functional groups is discussed in depth. In terms of application, zirconium-based MOFs have been studied in enzyme immobilization, crystal sponges, drug delivery, molecular detection, and catalysis. MOF materials have advanced rapidly in recent years. Zirconium-based MOF, as an important category, possess advantages such as high stability, structure tunability, and rich functionality, and have become a research hotspot in materials science. With their tunable structure, high stability, and multifunctionality, zirconium-based MOFs show great potential in catalysis, biomedicine, and environmental remediation. Future research should focus on green synthesis, intelligent responsive materials (such as light/pH-triggered release), and industrial-scale application to promote their practical scenarios.
Key words: metal-organic framework; zirconium; structure; synthesis; application; research progress
鈷配合物催化乙烯基單體自由基聚合研究進展
(沈陽化工大學理學院，遼寧沈陽 110142)
摘要：自由基聚合是廣泛使用的高分子合成方法，具有反應條件溫和、聚合速度快、適用單體范圍廣等優點。然而，鏈轉移和鏈終止等反應導致傳統自由基聚合生成聚合物的分子量分布較寬，物理性能不夠均勻等問題。二價鈷配合物能夠捕捉碳自由基生成三價有機鈷配合物，并在適當的條件下發生三價鈷-碳鍵的均裂重新生成碳自由基繼續引發聚合。利用這一可逆反應，通過調節配合物的配體結構和空間立體構型，鈷配合物可以通過可逆終止機理或退化鏈轉移機理介導極性乙烯基單體的可控自由基聚合。詳細介紹了過去十年間的鈷配合物介導的極性乙烯基單體如醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酰胺等自由基聚合的研究進展。根據鈷配合物的結構特點和催化活性中心的形成機制，詳細分析了聚合反應的機理、動力學行為以及聚合物的結構與性能調控，對配合物構型對聚合反應的影響做了總結與歸納。最后，對鈷配合物介導的自由基聚合存在的問題進行了分析，旨在為鈷配合物介導的自由基聚合的進一步發展提供參考。
關鍵詞：鈷配合物；自由基聚合；乙烯基單體；醋酸乙烯酯；丙烯酸甲酯
中圖分類號：O63 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0143
Recent Progress on Cobalt Mediated Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers ZHANG Zhi-chao, MA Jiang-fang, HAN Shuang (School of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, China)
Abstract：Radical polymerization is widely used for polymer synthesis, featuring mild conditions, rapid polymerization rates, and a broad range of monomers. However, conventional radical polymerization often results in polymers with broad molecular weight distribution and non-uniform physical properties due to chain transfer and termination reactions. Divalent cobalt complexes can capture carbon radicals to form trivalent organocobalt complexes, which may undergo homolytic cleavage of the Co(III)?C bond under appropriate conditions to regenerate carbon radicals and continue the polymerization process. Using this reversible reaction and by tuning the ligand structure and steric configuration, cobalt complexes can mediate radical polymerization of polar vinyl monomers through reversible termination mechanism and/or degenerative chain transfer mechanism in a controlled fashion. The article reviewed the latest progress over the past decade in cobalt mediated radical polymerization of polar vinyl monomers, such as vinyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and acrylamide. Based on the structural features of the cobalt complexes and the formation of catalytic active species, the polymerization mechanisms, kinetic behavior, and the regulation of polymer structure and properties are presented in detail. Finally, current challenges in cobalt mediated radical polymerization are discussed, aiming to provide references for further development in this research area.
Key words：cobalt complex; free radical polymerization; vinyl monomer; vinyl acetate; methyl acrylate
閉朝龍，張曉，梁鳳英，杜艷青，朱曉偉，白文明*，額爾敦*
(內蒙古醫科大學 藥學院，內蒙古呼和浩特 010100)
摘要：全/多氟烷基化合物（PFAS），是一類人工合成的含氟有機化合物，其物理化學性質非常穩定，在自然環境中難以通過光解、水解或生物代謝等途徑降解。PFAS具有較大毒性，會對環境造成持久性危害，同時還具有生物蓄積性，在人體內積累到一定含量后將降低人體免疫力，造成肝損傷和腎損傷，甚至會導致甲狀腺癌和腎癌等。據報道，因PFAS的廣泛應用，在全球范圍內的空氣、土壤、水體、動植物，甚至人體內均可被檢測到。因此，建立快速有效的分析方法對環境中的PFAS及時檢測十分重要。液質聯用（LC-MS）和氣質聯用（GC-MS）等儀器分析方法是PFAS檢測的常規方法，可實現高靈敏檢測，但存在預處理繁瑣、檢測周期長和需專人操作等問題。為提高檢測效率和減少檢測成本，近年來，傳感檢測方法因具有檢測速度快、預處理簡便和具有現場檢測的潛力等得到廣泛的研究。在此背景下，總結了近年來PFAS小分子傳感器、納米傳感器以及生物大分子傳感器等的研究進展，并對不同傳感器的特點、檢測效果及存在的問題等進行了對比討論，以期為全氟化合物傳感器的設計與應用提供參考。
關鍵詞：全/多氟烷基化合物；全氟辛酸；全氟辛烷磺酸；傳感檢測；化學傳感器
中圖分類號：O65 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0139
Research Progress in Sensing Detection of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances BI Chao-long，ZHANG Xiao，LIANG Feng-ying，DU Yan-qing，ZHU Xiao-wei，BAI Wen-ming*，EERDUN Chao-lu* (Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University， Hohhot 010110，China)
Abstract：Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of synthesized fluorinated organic compounds known for their extreme physicochemical stability, rendering them resistant to degradation through photolysis, hydrolysis, or biotransformation in the natural environments. Due to their high toxicity, PFAS pose a long-term environmental threat. Furthermore, their bioaccumulative properties allow them to build up in the human body, potentially leading to reduced immune function, liver and kidney damage, and increased risks of thyroid cancer and renal cancer. Extensive use of PFAS has led to their widespread detection in air, soil, water, flora and fauna, and even in the human body globally. Therefore, it is very important to establish a rapid and effective analytical method for the real time detection of PFAS in the environment. Conventional instrumental analysis methods such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) are methods for PFAS detection, provide high sensitivity for PFAS detection, but are limited by cumbersome pretreatment, long detection cycles, and the need for professional operation. In recent years, to improve detection efficiency and reduce detection costs, sensor detection methods have been widely studied due to their advantages of fast detection speed, simple pretreatment, and potential for on-site analysis. This review summarized recent advances in PFAS sensors, including small molecule sensors, nano-sensors, and biomacromolecule sensors. The features, detection effects, and existing problems of different sensors have been compared and discussed, aiming to provide references for the design and application of sensors for perfluorinated compounds.
Key words：per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances; perfluorooctanoic acid ; perfluorooctanesulfonic acid ; sensing detection; chemical sensors
三尖杉類生物堿提取分離及應用研究進展
張繼東*1a,1b，胡思佳1a, 馬倩2，常晶晶1a，劉子翰1a
(1. 安康學院a.化學與環境學院陜西省富硒食品質量監督檢驗中心, b.界面多孔材料陜西省高等學校重點實驗室，陜西 安康 725000；2.安康市質量技術檢驗檢測中心，陜西 安康 725000)
摘要：中草藥的使用十分廣泛，即使在當今時代，人們仍用中草藥來治療各種不同的疾病。世界上有各種各樣的藥用植物，它們是潛在的藥物來源。全球范圍內科研工作者在天然植物資源的研究上付出了巨大努力，大量證據表明傳統藥用植物具有巨大的潛力。三尖杉類生物堿是一類具有獨特化學結構和重要生物活性的天然產物，其具有抗腫瘤、抗炎和抗心律失常等多種潛在的藥用價值。近年研究發現，三尖杉類生物堿在抑制SARS-CoV-2病毒感染方面具有更大的潛在活性和更低的毒性。然而，由于其在植物中的含量較低且結構復雜，有效地提取分離三尖類生物堿成為研究和開發利用的關鍵。傳統的提取分離方法往往存在提取效率低、選擇性差等問題，隨著現代分離技術的發展，不斷有新的方法被嘗試應用于三尖杉生物堿的提取分離中，其對深入挖掘三尖杉類生物堿的藥用潛力具有重要意義。三尖杉生物堿的全合成是有機化學領域的研究熱點之一，由于其復雜的結構，全合成具有非常大的挑戰性,綜述了近年三尖杉類生物堿的提取分離、合成及在藥理作用方面的研究進展。
關鍵詞：三尖杉類生物堿；提取分離；全合成；藥理活性；抗腫瘤
中圖分類號：O65 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0126
Research Progress on Extraction, Separation, and Application of Cephalotaxus Fortunei ZHANG Ji-dong*1a,1b, HU Si-jia1a, MA Qian2, CHANG JING-jing1a, LIU Zi-han1a(1.a.Shaanxi Province Selenium-rich Food Quality Supervision and Inspection Center ,College of Chemistry and Environment, b. Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Porous Materials for Interface Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, China; 2. Ankang Quality Technical Inspection and Testing Center, Ankang 725000, China)
Abstract Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used for centuries, and even today they remain an important resource for treating a variety of diseases. Around the world, numerous medicinal plants serve as potential sources of pharmaceutical compounds. Global scientific researchers have made great efforts in the research of natural plant resources, and substantial evidence supports the significant therapeutic potential of traditional medicinal plants. Cephalotaxus fortunei are a class of natural products with unique chemical structures and significant biological activities, possessing multiple potential medicinal values such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arrhythmic effects. In recent years, studies have revealed that Cephalotaxus alkaloids also exhibit promising inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2, with relative low toxicity. However, their low natural abundance and complex structures present significant challenges for efficient extraction and isolation. Traditional extraction and separation methods often suffer from low extraction efficiency and poor selectivity. With the development of modern separation technologies, novel approaches are being applied to the extraction and separation of Cephalotaxus alkaloids, which is critical for unlocking their medicinal potential. Additionally, the total synthesis of Cephalotaxus alkaloids is one of the research hotspots in the field of organic chemistry due to their complex structures, posing considerable synthetic challenges.. This article reviews the recent research progress in the extraction and separation of Cephalotaxus alkaloids and their pharmacological effects.
Key words：Cephalotaxus alkaloids; extraction and separation; total synthesis; pharmacological activity; antitumor
功能材料
華成碩a，王菊梅b，古增瑞b，熊健*b
（西藏大學a.黨委（校長辦公室）, b.生態環境學院，西藏 拉薩 850000）
摘要：為了研究生物炭對水中氟的吸附效果，以青稞秸稈作為原材料，采用熱解法制備了不同溫度處理（300、500、700℃）的原始生物炭（SBC300、SBC500、SBC700），用于吸附水中的氟。通過FTIR、SEM和BET表征分析發現，SBC500具有較大的比表面積、發育良好的孔隙和豐富的表面官能團，并且在相同條件下SBC500對F―吸附效果最佳。采用FeCl3?6H2O和FeSO4?7H2O混合水溶液對SBC500進行浸漬改性得到Fe@SBC500。利用SBC500和Fe@SBC500開展了對水中氟的單因素吸附實驗，結果表明，SBC500、Fe@SBC500吸附F―的最優條件均為吸附溫度80 ℃、吸附時間6 h、生物炭投加量10 g/L、溶液初始pH 7，在此條件下Fe@SBC500對F―的吸附容量為3.085 mg/g，去除率為92.22%，優于SBC500的去除效果。吸附動力學結果表明，SBC500和Fe@SBC500吸附F-的過程均更符合擬二級動力學模型，表明吸附過程由化學吸附占主導；同時，兩者吸附F-的過程均為吸熱、熵增反應，溫度升高有利于吸附過程的自發進行，吸附過程在固-液界面處的混亂度增大。研究結果以期為青藏高原青稞秸稈的資源化高效利用以及西藏地熱水中氟的去除提供思路和參考。
關鍵詞：青稞秸稈；生物炭；改性；氟；吸附
中圖分類號：O69 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（202*）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0172
Study on the Adsorption of Fluoride in Water by Iron-Modified Barley Straw Biochar HUA Cheng-shuoa,WANG Ju-meib, GU Zeng-ruib, XIONG Jian*b(a. Party Committee (President's Office), b. College of Ecology and Environment, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China)
Abstract: To study the adsorption effect of biochar on fluoride in water, barley straw was used as the raw material, and pyrolysis was employed to prepare biochar (SBC300, SBC500, SBC700) treated at different temperatures (300℃, 500℃, 700℃) for the adsorption of fluoride in water. FTIR, SEM, and BET characterization analysis revealed that SBC500 had a large specific surface area, well-developed pores, and abundant surface functional groups. Under the same conditions, SBC500 showed the best adsorption effect for F―. Fe@SBC500 was obtained by impregnating SBC500 with a mixed aqueous solution of FeCl3?6H2O and FeSO4?7H2O. Single-factor adsorption experiments on fluoride in water were conducted using SBC500 and Fe@SBC500. The results indicated that the optimal conditions for the adsorption of F― by both SBC500 and Fe@SBC500 were an adsorption temperature of 80℃, an adsorption time of 6 hours, a biochar dosage of 10 g/L, and an initial solution pH of 7. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity of Fe@SBC500 for F― was 3.085 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 92.22%, outperforming the removal efficiency of SBC500. The adsorption kinetics results indicated that the adsorption of F― by SBC500 and Fe@SBC500 conformed more closely to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption process was dominated by chemical adsorption. Additionally, the adsorption of F― by both materials is an endothermic, entropy-increasing reaction, and an increase in temperature favored the spontaneous occurrence of the adsorption process, with an increase in disorder at the solid-liquid interface. The research results are expected to provide ideas and references for the efficient utilization of barley straw resources on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the removal of fluoride from geothermal water in Xizang.
Key words: barley straw; biochar; modification; fluoride; adsorption
Zn-MOF與香豆素6摻雜材料的合成及其光捕獲性能研究
孫朋濤1，馬春梅1，葛慶1，張鋼強1，馬雅菲2，張美麗*2
（1. 新疆宣力環保能源股份有限公司，新疆 哈密 963000；2. 延安大學 化學與化工學院，陜西延安 716000）
摘要：隨著近年來材料科學的發展，太陽能作為一種清潔能源在當今世界日益重要，太陽光收集材料的研究受到廣泛關注。以柔性1,3-苯基二乙酸（H2mpda）和剛性3,5-二(三氮唑)吡啶（btyp）為配體，Zn2+為金屬源，成功制備了一種具有（4×4）二維波浪層結構的有機金屬框架[Zn(btyp)(mpda)]n·2H2O（Zn-MOF）。通過光譜重疊檢測說明Zn-MOF、香豆素6（CM6）分別作為供體、受體進行熒光共振能量轉移（FRET），能夠構建人工光捕獲系統（ALHS）。Zn-MOF、Zn-MOF@CM6的比表面積分別為4.3、7.4 m2/g，表明了摻雜后材料的比表面積明顯增大。同時Zn-MOF、Zn-MOF@CM6分別發藍光、綠光，表明了光收集范圍從紫外光波段擴展到了可見光波段。隨著CM6的滴加，Zn-MOF的熒光強度逐漸減弱，CM6的熒光強度逐漸增強，完全體現了供、受體之間的熒光共振能量轉移，其熒光能量轉移效率ΦET = 47.7%。成功設計了一種高性能人工光捕獲材料Zn-MOF@CM6，豐富了MOFs材料在人工光捕獲系統中的應用，為太陽能利用提供新的思路。
關鍵詞：苯二已酸；香豆素6；摻雜材料；晶體結構；能量轉移效率
中圖分類號：O641 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0150
Synthesis and Light-Harvesting Performance of Zn-MOF doped with Coumarin 6 SUN Peng-tao1, MA Chun-mei1, GE Qing1, ZHANG Gang-qiang1, MA Ya-fei2, ZHANG Mei-li*2 (1.Xinjiang Shinning Environmental Protection Energy Co., LTD., Hami 963000, China; 2.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China)
Abstract: With recent advances in materials science, solar energy has gained increasing importance as a clean energy source, driving widespread research into sunlight-collecting materials. This study utilizes flexible 1,3-phenyldiacetic acid (H?mpda) and rigid 3,5-di(triazol)pyridine (btyp) as ligands, with Zn2? as the metal source, to successfully prepare the metal-organic framework [Zn(btyp)(mpda)]?·2H?O (Zn-MOF) featuring a (4×4) two-dimensional wave-layer structure. Spectral overlap analysis confirms that Zn-MOF and coumarin-6 (CM6) act as donor and acceptor, respectively, undergoing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to form an artificial light-harvesting system (ALHS). Specific surface area measurements show values of 4.3 m2/g for Zn-MOF and 7.4 m2/g for Zn-MOF@CM6, indicating significant enhancement upon doping. Under UV excitation, Zn-MOF emits blue light while Zn-MOF@CM6 emits green light, demonstrating an expansion of the light-harvesting range from ultraviolet to the visible spectrum. As CM6 concentration increases, the fluorescence intensity of Zn-MOF progressively decreases while CM6 emission intensifies, confirming FRET between donor and acceptor. The calculated fluorescence energy transfer efficiency (ΦET) reaches 47.7%. This work successfully designs a high-performance artificial light-harvesting material (Zn-MOF@CM6), expanding MOF applications in ALHS technologies and offering new pathways for solar energy utilization.
Keywords: benzoic acid; coumarin 6; doped material; crystal structure; energy transfer efficiency
分析與測試
基于MIR-ATR、MIR-TR及NIR-TR的無創血糖定量檢測比較分析
曹書妍，李思瑤1，岳巖松1，朱思聰1，張朱珊瑩*1，張獻文*2
(1. 中南民族大學 生物醫學工程學院，湖北 武漢 430074；2. 臨沂工學院，山東 臨沂 276000)
摘要：系統比較中紅外衰減全反射（MIR-ATR）、中紅外透射（MIR-TR）及近紅外透射（NIR-TR）3種光譜技術在無創血糖定量檢測中的性能差異，為臨床選擇高精度檢測方法提供依據。實驗通過配制30組梯度濃度葡萄糖仿體溶液（0.2~5 g/L）模擬人體血糖動態范圍，利用3種技術采集光譜數據，并結合偏最小二乘（PLS）和主成分回歸（PCR）模型，評估3種數據集劃分方法（ESD、KS、SPXY）及5種預處理算法（SG、SNV、DOSC、MSC、SG_1）的優化效果。結果表明，MIR-ATR技術表現出最優預測性能，其PLS模型結合ESD數據集劃分法的預測相關系數（Rp）高達0.9991，預測均方根誤差（RMSEP）僅為0.0787 g/L，顯著優于MIR-TR（Rp =0.9968）和NIR-TR（Rp =0.9834）。ESD劃分法在MIR-ATR中效果最佳，而NIR-TR需依賴SPXY劃分以抑制噪聲干擾。進一步分析發現，MIR-ATR的優勢主要源于其表面增強效應和指紋區特異性，能夠有效放大葡萄糖分子的特征信號并抑制水分子干擾。相比之下，MIR-TR和NIR-TR因光程較長或吸收較弱，需依賴預處理算法提升信噪比。綜合來看，MIR-ATR技術結合PLS模型及ESD劃分法，可為無創血糖檢測提供高精度解決方案。為紅外光譜技術在血糖監測中的應用提供了重要參考，未來需進一步開展臨床血樣驗證以優化實際應用效果。
關鍵詞：中紅外光譜；近紅外光譜；無創血糖檢測；定量分析模型；數據集劃分；光譜預處理
中圖分類號：O657.31 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0113
Comparative Analysis of Non-invasive Glucose Detection Using MIR-ATR, MIR-TR，and NIR-TR Spectroscopy CAO Shu-yan1, LI Si-yao1, YUE Yan-song1, ZHU Si-cong1, ZHANG Zhu-shan-ying*1, ZHANG Xian-wen*2 (1. College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; 2. Linyi Institute of Technology, Linyi 276000, China)
Abstract：This study systematically compared the performance of mid-infrared attenuated total reflection (MIR-ATR), mid-infrared transmission (MIR-TR), and near-infrared transmission (NIR-TR) spectroscopy for non-invasive glucose quantification, aiming to identify a high accuracy method for clinical applications. Thirty glucose phantom solutions (0.2-5 g/L) were prepared to simulate physiological blood glucose levels. Spectral data were collected using all three techniques and analyzed via Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Principal Component Regression (PCR) models. the effects of three dataset partitioning methods (ESD, KS, SPXY) and five preprocessing algorithms (SG, SNV, DOSC, MSC, SG_1) were systematically evaluated. Among the methods tested, MIR-ATR combined with the PLS model and ESD partitioning achieved the highest accuracy yielding a prediction correlation coefficient (Rp) of 0.9991 and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.0787 g/L. This significantly outperformed MIR-TR (Rp =0.9968) and NIR-TR (Rp =0.9834). ESD partitioning was the most effective for MIR-ATR, while SPXY improved noise suppression in NIR-TR. The superior performance of MIR-ATR is attributed to its surface-enhanced effect and strong absorption in the fingerprint, which facilitates amplification of glucose-specific signals and suppression of water-related interference. In contrast, MIR-TR and NIR-TR exhibited lower intrinsic sensitivity and required more intensive preprocessing to improve signal-to-noise ratios. Overall, MIR-ATR, when combined with PLS modeling and ESD partitioning, offers a high-precision approach for non-invasive glucose detection. This study provides valuable insights for selecting infrared spectroscopy techniques in glucose monitoring. Future research should focuse on validation using real clinical samples to assess practical applicability.
Key words：mid-infrared spectroscopy; near infrared spectroscopy; non-invasive glucose detection; quantitative analysis model; dataset partitioning; spectral preprocessing
AntDAS-GCMS結合DLLME-GCMS高通量精準表征不同來源無花果提取物中的揮發性成分
仝智強，樊亞玲，何育萍，王瑤，彭軍倉*
(陜西中煙工業有限責任公司，陜西西安 721000)
摘要：天然植物提取物在食品飲料、日化產品、煙草等領域應用廣泛，產品品質極易受原料產地、品種、工藝等因素影響，波動較大。如何實現高效、精準的化學成分解析是產品品質中亟待解決的一個難題。以無花果提取物為例，提出了基于AntDAS-GCMS結合Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-Mass Spectrometry (DLLME-GCMS)實現天然植物提取物中揮發性成分解析的新策略。基于AntDAS-GCMS解析結果為導向的樣本前處理條件優化有助于提升化合物提取效率，從而提高化合物覆蓋度。多樣本分析中的批處理分析結果表明AntDAS-GCMS能夠發現不同來源無花果提取物的整體及細節差異，并實現化合物的高通量精準鑒定。最終，基于所開發的植物提取物揮發性成分高通量精準解析策略，實現了無花果中36種化合物的鑒定，涵蓋了酯類（9種）、酮類（7種）、醇類（7種）、醛類（5種）、萜類（4種）、雜環類（2種）、酚類（1種）以及二肽類（1種）。不同類別化合物的峰面積總和分析表明醇類占比最高（31.8%），其次為醛類（30.3%）和酯類（25.0%）。所發展的分析策略有望為植物中揮發性成分的解析及品質監控提供新的研究思路。
關鍵詞：植物提取物；無花果提取物；AntDAS-GCMS；DLLME-GCMS；化學計量學
中圖分類號：O65 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0166
A new Strategy for High-thoroughly and Accurately Analyzing Volatile Compound in the Extracts of Ficus carica L. by Combining AntDAS-GCMS with DLLME-GCMS TONG Zhi-qiang, FAN Ya-ling, HE Yu-ping , WANG Yao , PENG Jun-cang (China Tobacco Shaanxi Industrial Co., Ltd., Xian 721000, China)
Abstract：The quality of natural plant extracts, widely used in the fields such as food and beverages, daily chemical products, and tobacco, exhibit significant quality fluctuations due to factors such as raw material origin, variety, and processing techniques. However, efficient and precise methodologies for characterizing the chemical composition of these extracts remain limited. In this work, we propose a new strategy that integrates AntDAS-GCMS with dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-Mass Spectrometry (DLLME-GCMS) to comprehensively analyze volatile compounds in analyzed natural extracts of Ficus carica L. AntDAS-GCMS-guided optimization of DLLME-GCMS pretreatment conditions improved compound extraction efficiency and increased coverage. For multiple sample analysis, AntDAS-GCMS revealed both overall and detailed compositional difference among extracts from different sources, while achieving high-throughput and accurate compound identification. Using this strategy, a total of 36 compounds were identified, including esters (9), ketones (7), alcohols (7), aldehydes (5), terpenoids (4), heterocycles (2), phenols (1), and dipeptides (1). Analysis of the total peak areas of different classes of compounds showed that alcohols had the highest proportion (31.8%), followed by aldehydes (30.3%) and esters (25.0%). This strategy may provide a new solution for component resolution and quality control of natural extracts.
Key words：natural plant extracts; extracts of Ficus carica L.; AntDAS-GCMS; DLLME-GCMS; chemometrics
基于全自動多功能液相色譜-電感耦合等離子體質譜（LC-ICP-MS）聯用技術快速測定包裝飲用水中溴酸鹽與溴離子的研究及應用
姜健*，于雪榮，韋瑩，謝繼安，李飛
（安徽省疾病預防控制中心，安徽合肥 230601）
摘要：采用硝酸銨作為液相色譜（LC）流動相，結合 LC-ICP-MS 聯用技術，克服傳統離子色譜法測定包裝飲用水中溴酸鹽（BrO??）和溴離子（Br?）時分析周期較長和檢出線較高的問題。采用硝酸銨（80 mmol/L, pH 9.0）作為流動相，優化LC-ICP-MS條件，將溴酸鹽與溴離子的色譜分離時間縮短至約80 s，相比傳統離子色譜法（>30 min），分析效率顯著提升。方法學驗證結果顯示，BrO??和Br?在0 ~ 100 μg/L濃度范圍內線性關系良好（R2 > 0.9995），方法檢出限（LOD）為 0.4 μg/L。加標回收率范圍為 99.4% ~ 111%，相對標準偏差（RSD, n=6）均低于 3.0%。干擾實驗證實，1.0 ~ 100 mg/L 的鉀離子對測定無顯著干擾。穩定性實驗表明，在 pH 6.0 和 9.0 條件下，加標樣品中的BrO??和Br?在30 d內保持穩定。應用該方法檢測49批次包裝飲用水，BrO??平均濃度為2.5 μg/L（超標率2.0%），Br?平均濃度為8.6 μg/L。該方法前處理簡單，分析快速，適用于包裝飲用水中溴酸鹽與溴離子的高通量篩查，為溴酸鹽風險監控及飲用水安全保障提供了靈敏可靠的技術支持。
關鍵詞：包裝飲用水；溴酸鹽和溴離子；LC-ICP-MS；快速檢測；飲用水安全
中圖分類號：O657.99 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0152
Study and Application of Rapid Determination of Bromate and Bromide Ions in Packaged Drinking Water Based on Fully Automated Multifunctional Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) Hyphenated Technology JIANG Jian*，YU Xue-rong，WEI Ying，XIE Ji-an，LI Fei（Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China）
Abstract: To overcome the limitations of long analysis times and relatively high detection limits associated with traditional ion chromatography (IC) for determining bromate (BrO??) and bromide (Br?) in packaged drinking water, ammonium nitrate was employed as the mobile phase in liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Using ammonium nitrate (80 mmol/L, pH 9.0) as the mobile phase, the LC-ICP-MS conditions were optimized, achieving chromatographic separation of bromate and bromide within approximately 80 seconds, significantly improving analytical efficiency compared to traditional IC methods (>30 minutes). Method validation demonstrated excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9995) for both BrO?? and Br? within the concentration range of 0-100 μg/L. The method detection limit (LOD) was 0.4 μg/L. Spike recovery rates ranged from 99.4% to 111%, and relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) were all below 3.0%. Interference experiments confirmed that potassium ions (1.0 ~ 100 mg/L) did not cause significant interference in the determination. Stability tests showed that BrO?? and Br? in spiked samples remained stable for 30 days under both pH 6.0 and pH 9.0 conditions. Applying this method to 49 batches of packaged drinking water yielded an average BrO?? concentration of 2.5 μg/L (with a 2.0% exceedance rate of regulatory limits) and an average Br? concentration of 8.6 μg/L. This method features simple sample preparation and rapid analysis, making it suitable for high-throughput screening of bromate and bromide in packaged drinking water. It provides a sensitive and reliable technical approach for bromate risk monitoring and drinking water safety assurance.
Key words：packaged drinking water; bromate and bromide ions; LC-ICP-MS; rapid detection; drinking water safety
合成與應用
桉烷型倍半萜衍生物的合成與生物活性評價
張振偉，謝鈺航，黃紅萍，鄧延秋*
（廣西中醫藥大學 藥學院 廣西壯瑤藥技術創新中心，廣西南寧 530200）
摘要：桉烷型倍半萜類化合物是從高等植物中分離得到的一類重要的雙環倍半萜天然產物。這類化合物通常表現出抗炎、抑制細胞增殖、抗瘧疾、抗真菌、神經調節以及殺蟲等多種生物活性。盡管桉烷型倍半萜類化合物因其顯著的生物活性而備受關注，但目前絕大多數具有生物活性的桉烷型倍半萜仍主要依賴于提取分離獲得，且缺乏高效的全合成方法，這在很大程度上限制了其進一步的藥理研究與應用。以反式-2-戊烯醛、苯甲酰胺和百里醌為起始原料，通過Diels-Alder反應、羰基還原及糖苷化反應，成功實現了糖苷類桉烷型倍半萜衍生物的合成。利用一維和二維核磁共振波譜（1D和2D NMR）、X射線晶體分析（X-ray Crystallography）、液相色譜-質譜聯用（LC-MS）以及高分辨質譜（HRMS）等現代分析技術對化合物結構進行了確證。此外，借助現代藥理學檢測手段，初步評估了所合成的桉烷型倍半萜糖苷類化合物對5種人癌細胞系（包括肺癌A549、前列腺癌DU145、宮頸癌Hela、肝癌HepG2和乳腺癌MCF-7）的體外抗腫瘤活性，為其在藥物開發中的潛在應用提供有益參考。
關鍵詞：桉烷型倍半萜；Diels-Alder反應；羰基還原；糖苷化；生物活性評價
中圖分類號：O621.3; R914.2 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：0258-3283（2025）
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2025.0151
Synthesis and Bioactivity Evaluation of Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenoid Derivatives Zhang Zhen-wei, Xie Yu-hang, Huang Hong-ping, Deng Yan-qiu*( Guangxi Innovation Center of Zhuang Yao Medicine,College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200,China)
Abstract: Eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids are an important class of bicyclic sesquiterpenoid natural products isolated from higher plants. These compounds are known for their diverse biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-malarial, anti-fungal, neuroregulatory, and insecticidal effects. Despite their significant pharmacological potential, most bioactive eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids are still predominantly obtained via extraction and isolation from natural sources, and efficient total synthetic methods remain scarce. This limitation significantly hinders their further pharmacological studies and practical application. In this study, we successfully synthesized glycosylated eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid derivatives starting from trans-2-pentenal, benzamide, and thymoquinone through key reactions including the Diels-Alder reaction, carbonyl reduction, and glycosylation. The structures of the synthesized compounds were rigorously characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1D and 2D NMR), X-ray crystallography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Furthermore, the in vitro anti-tumor activities of the synthesized eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid glycosides were preliminarily evaluated against five human cancer cell lines (A549 lung cancer, DU145 prostate cancer, Hela cervical cancer, HepG2 liver cancer, and MCF-7 breast cancer) using modern pharmacological detection methods. The results provide valuable insights into their potential application in drug development.
Key words：eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids; Diels?Alder reaction; carbonyl reduction; glycosylation; bioactivity evaluation
